transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. Learners will understand how circulation supports overall health and how massage can affect the cardiovascular system.

This section covers:

• Structure and function of the heart

• Blood vessels: arteries, veins, capillaries, and their roles

• Blood composition and functions

• Circulation types: systemic, pulmonary, and coronary

• Common cardiovascular conditions and pathologies

• Effects of massage on circulation, including improved blood flow, relaxation, and reduced muscular tension

Students will use textbooks, diagrams, worksheets, and self-assessment exercises to consolidate their learning. A thorough understanding of the cardiovascular system is essential for safe and effective massage practice, particularly when considering client contraindications and treatment adaptations.